V2EX centrifugal

Centrifugal

释义 Definition

形容词(adjective):离心的;远离中心的。指由旋转运动产生的、使物体远离旋转中心的力或趋势。

发音 Pronunciation

/sntrfjl/ 或 /sntrfjul/

例句 Examples

The centrifugal force pushes water to the edges of the spinning bucket.
离心力将水推向旋转水桶的边缘。

The centrifugal governor, invented during the Industrial Revolution, automatically regulated the speed of steam engines by using rotating weights that moved outward as speed increased.
工业革命时期发明的离心调速器,利用随转速增加而向外移动的旋转重锤,自动调节蒸汽机的速度。

词源 Etymology

该词源自现代拉丁语 centrifugus,由拉丁语 centrum(中心)和 fugere(逃离)组合而成,字面意思是"逃离中心"。这个词最早由牛顿在1687年的《自然哲学的数学原理》中使用,用来描述旋转物体远离中心运动的趋势。与之相对的是 centripetal(向心的),由 centrumpetere(趋向)构成。

相词汇 Related Words

文学引用 Literary References

  • 牛顿在《自然哲学的数学原理》(Principia Mathematica, 1687)中首次系统地讨论了离心力的概念,奠定了经典力学的基础。
  • 托马斯品钦(Thomas Pynchon)在小说《万有引力之虹》(Gravity's Rainbow, 1973)中多次使用 centrifugal 一词,以物理隐喻描绘战后世界中人与秩序的离散。
  • 威廉巴特勒叶芝(W. B. Yeats)的诗作《基督重临》(The Second Coming, 1919)中"turning and turning in the widening gyre"的意象,虽未直接使用该词,却完美呈现了离心运动的文学表达。
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