
parsimony /pr.s.mo.ni/
名词(n.)过度的节俭;吝啬;在科学和哲学中也指"简约原则",即用最少的假设来解释现象。
The old man's parsimony was well known in the village he never spent a penny more than necessary.
那位老人的吝啬在村里人尽皆知他从不多花一分钱。
In science, the principle of parsimony suggests that among competing hypotheses, the one with the fewest assumptions should be selected.
在科学中,简约原则认为,在多个竞争性假说中,应选择假设最少的那一个。
源自拉丁语 parsimonia,由 parcere(节省、克制)派生而来。该词在14世纪经由古法语传入英语,最初仅表示"节俭",后来逐渐带上了贬义,暗示过度的节省近乎吝啬。在学术语境中,该词被赋予了中性甚至褒义的含义,尤其是在"奥卡姆剃刀"(Occam's Razor)原则中,parsimony 代表一种追求简洁的思维方式。