V2EX protectionism

Protectionism

释义 Definition

名词 (n.) 保护主义;指一国政府通过关税、进口配额、补贴等手段限制外国商品进入本国市场,以保护本国产业的经济政策。

发音 Pronunciation

/prtknzm/

例句 Examples

Many economists argue that protectionism ultimately harms consumers by raising prices.
许多经济学家认为,保护主义最终会因抬高物价而损害消费者的利益。

The rise of protectionism in the 1930s deepened the Great Depression, as countries imposed retaliatory tariffs that choked off international trade.
20世纪30年代保护主义的兴起加剧了大萧条,各国纷纷征收报复性关税,扼杀了国际贸易。

词源 Etymology

该词由 protection(保护)加上后缀 -ism(主义、学说)构成。Protection 源自拉丁语 protectio,意为"遮蔽、庇护",由 pro-(在前)和 tegere(覆盖)组合而成。-ism 后缀表示一种思想体系或政策主张。该词在19世纪开始广泛使用,用于描述主张通过贸易壁垒保护本国产业的经济思想。

相关词汇 Related Words

文学与著作引用 Literary References

  • 亚当斯密在《国富论》(The Wealth of Nations, 1776)中批判了保护主义政策,主张自由贸易能带来更大的社会福祉。
  • 大卫李嘉图在《政治经济学及赋税原理》(On the Principles of Political Economy and Taxation, 1817)中提出比较优势理论,从理论上反驳了保护主义的合理性。
  • 道格拉斯欧文的《反对自由贸易:美国保护主义的知识史》(Against the Tide, 1996)系统梳理了保护主义思想的历史脉络。
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