使用 DNSPOD API 实现域名动态解析

0. 简单概述
在家里放一个 NAS 服务器，但是宽带的 IP 地址经常改变，一般路由器自带的花生壳域名解析可以解决，如果路由器没有类似功能或者想使用自己的域名，可以尝试使用 DNSPOD API 来实现域名动态解析。

1. 添加记录 在 dnspod 添加域名后并添加一个记录用来解析宽带的 IP 地址，如添加一个记录h

2. 获取信息 1) 域名信息 domain_id 接口文档：https://www.dnspod.cn/docs/domains.html#domain-info

def domain_info(domain): url = "https://dnsapi.cn/Domain.Info" data = { "login_email": LOGIN_EMAIL, "login_password": LOGIN_PASSWORD, "format": FORMAT, "domain": domain } r = requests.post(url, data=data, timeout=5) return r.json()["domain"] def domain_id(domain): info = domain_info(domain) return info["id"] # 获取 domain_id print domain_id("greak.net") 

2) 记录信息 record_id、record_line和value 接口文档：https://www.dnspod.cn/docs/records.html#record-list

def record_info(domain, sub_domain): url = "https://dnsapi.cn/Record.List" data = { "login_email": LOGIN_EMAIL, "login_password": LOGIN_PASSWORD, "format": FORMAT, "domain": domain, "sub_domain": sub_domain } r = requests.post(url, data=data, timeout=5) return r.json()["records"][0] def record_data(domain, sub_domain): info = record_info(domain, sub_domain) return info["id"], info["line"], info["value"] # 获取 record_id, record_line, value rid, line, oldip = record_data("greak.net", "h") 

3) 获取最新 IP 地址 接口：http://greak.net/ip

def get_newip(): url = "http://greak.net/ip" r = requests.get(url, timeout=5) return r.content.strip() # 获取 IP 地址 print get_newip() 

3. 修改记录 接口文档：https://www.dnspod.cn/docs/records.html#dns

def record_update(domain, sub_domain): newip = get_newip() rid, line, oldip = record_data(domain, sub_domain) if newip == oldip: # 比较新 IP 和现有记录是否一致，如果一致则不需要更新 return "not change" url = "https://dnsapi.cn/Record.Ddns" data = { "login_email": LOGIN_EMAIL, "login_password": LOGIN_PASSWORD, "format": FORMAT, "domain_id": domain_id(domain), "record_id": rid, "sub_domain": sub_domain, "record_line": line, "value": newip } r = requests.post(url, data=data, timeout=5) return r.json() # 修改记录 print record_update("greak.net", "h") 

4. 定期执行 完整 python 脚本dns.py

#!/usr/bin/env python2 import sys import os import json import time import requests LOGIN_EMAIL = "[email protected]" LOGIN_PASSWORD = "xxxxxx" FORMAT = "json" def domain_info(domain): url = "https://dnsapi.cn/Domain.Info" data = { "login_email": LOGIN_EMAIL, "login_password": LOGIN_PASSWORD, "format": FORMAT, "domain": domain } r = requests.post(url, data=data, timeout=5) return r.json()["domain"] def domain_id(domain): info = domain_info(domain) return info["id"] def record_info(domain, sub_domain): url = "https://dnsapi.cn/Record.List" data = { "login_email": LOGIN_EMAIL, "login_password": LOGIN_PASSWORD, "format": FORMAT, "domain": domain, "sub_domain": sub_domain } r = requests.post(url, data=data, timeout=5) return r.json()["records"][0] def record_id(domain, sub_domain): info = record_info(domain, sub_domain) return info["id"] def record_line(domain, sub_domain): info = record_info(domain, sub_domain) return info["line"] def record_value(domain, sub_domain): info = record_info(domain, sub_domain) return info["value"] def record_data(domai, sub_domain): info = record_info(domain, sub_domain) return info["id"], info["line"], info["value"] def get_newip(): url = "http://greak.net/ip" r = requests.get(url, timeout=5) return r.content.strip() def record_update(domain, sub_domain): newip = get_newip() rid, line, oldip = record_data(domain, sub_domain) if newip == oldip: return "not change" url = "https://dnsapi.cn/Record.Ddns" data = { "login_email": LOGIN_EMAIL, "login_password": LOGIN_PASSWORD, "format": FORMAT, "domain_id": domain_id(domain), "record_id": rid, "sub_domain": sub_domain, "record_line": line, "value": newip } r = requests.post(url, data=data, timeout=5) return r.json() if __name__ == "__main__": print time.strftime("%Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S") print record_update("greak.net", "h") 

添加 cron 计划任务执行

#dns record update */1 * * * * root /usr/bin/python /home/debian/dns.py >>/home/debian/dns.log 2>&1 

日志输出

2016/05/01 18:17:02 {u'status': {u'message': u'Action completed successful', u'code': u'1', u'created_at': u'2016-05-01 18:17:03'}, u'record': {u'id': 178422498, u'value': u'180.172.158.222', u'name': u'h'}} # 更新成功 2016/05/01 18:18:02 not change # 没有变化，无需改变 

检查是否生效

$ curl greak.net/ip 180.172.158.222 $ dig h.greak.net | grep "^h.greak.net" | awk '{print $NF}' 180.172.158.222 

如果输出的 IP 地址一样就表示生效了，由于存在 dns 缓存， dns 生效需要大概几分钟
注： dnspod 的 api 调用有次数限制，不要频繁调用

原文地址：http://greak.net/2016/05/01/shi-yong-dnspod-apishi-xian-yu-ming-dong-tai-jie-xi/