V2EX toadstool

Toadstool

释义 Definition

名词 (n.) 毒蘑菇;蟾蜍菌。泛指外形像蘑菇但通常有毒或不可食用的伞状真菌,尤其指颜色鲜艳、带有斑点的种类。

发音 Pronunciation

/tod.stul/

例句 Examples

The children were warned not to touch the bright red toadstool growing near the old oak tree.
孩子们被警告不要碰长在老橡树旁边那朵鲜红色的毒蘑菇。

In the damp autumn forest, clusters of toadstools sprang up overnight among the fallen leaves, their pale caps glistening with morning dew.
在潮湿的秋日森林里,一簇簇毒蘑菇一夜之间从落叶间冒了出来,苍白的菌盖上闪着晨露的光泽。

词源 Etymology

toadstooltoad(蟾蜍)和 stool(凳子)两个词组合而成,最早出现于14世纪的中古英语。字面意思是"蟾蜍的凳子",源于古代欧洲民间传说,人们想象蟾蜍会坐在蘑菇上面,而蟾蜍本身与毒素有关联,因此这类蘑菇被认为是有毒的。这个词历来与 mushroom(蘑菇)相对,后者通常指可食用的种类,而 toadstool 则暗示有毒或不可食用。

近义词与相关词 Related Words

文学作品中的出现 Literary References

  • 在刘易斯卡罗尔的《爱丽丝梦游仙境》(Alice's Adventures in Wonderland) 中,爱丽丝遇到坐在巨大蘑菇上抽水烟的毛毛虫,这个场景中的蘑菇在许多插图中被描绘为典型的 toadstool 形象。
  • 在J.R.R.托尔金的《霍比特人》(The Hobbit) 和《魔戒》(The Lord of the Rings) 中,toadstool 多次出现在对中土世界森林的描写中,营造出神秘而古老的氛围。
  • 在莎士比亚的《暴风雨》(The Tempest) 中,精灵爱丽儿提到了 toadstool,与魔法和自然界的神秘力量相联系。
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